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GZipStream Class
.NET Framework 3.5
Other Versions
Updated: August 2009
Provides methods and properties used to compress and decompress streams.
Namespace: System.IO.Compression
Assembly: System (in System.dll) Syntax
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'DeclarationPublic Class GZipStream _ Inherits Stream
'UsageDim instance As GZipStream
Remarks
This class represents the gzip data format, which uses an industry standard algorithm for lossless file compression and decompression. The format includes a cyclic redundancy check value for detecting data corruption. The gzip data format uses the same algorithm as the DeflateStream class, but can be extended to use other compression formats. The format can be readily implemented in a manner not covered by patents. This class cannot be used to compress files larger than 4 GB.
Compressed GZipStream objects written to a file with an extension of .gz can be decompressed using many common compression tools; however, this class does not inherently provide functionality for adding files to or extracting files from .zip archives.
The compression functionality in DeflateStream and GZipStream is exposed as a stream. Data is read in on a byte-by-byte basis, so it is not possible to perform multiple passes to determine the best method for compressing entire files or large blocks of data. The DeflateStream and GZipStream classes are best used on uncompressed sources of data. If the source data is already compressed, using these classes may actually increase the size of the stream.
Notes to Inheritors: When you inherit from GZipStream, you must override the following members: CanSeek, CanWrite, and CanRead.
Examples
The following example shows how to use the GZipStream class to compress and decompress a directory of files.
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Imports System.IOImports System.IO.CompressionModule Module1 Sub Main() ' Path to directory of files to compress. Dim dirpath As String = "c:\users\public\reports" Dim di As DirectoryInfo = New DirectoryInfo(dirpath) ' Compress the directory's files. For Each fi As FileInfo In di.GetFiles() Compress(fi) Next ' Decompress all *.gz files in the directory. For Each fi As FileInfo In di.GetFiles("*.gz") Decompress(fi) Next End Sub ' Method to compress. Private Sub Compress(ByVal fi As FileInfo) ' Get the stream of the source file. Using inFile As FileStream = fi.OpenRead() ' Compressing: ' Prevent compressing hidden and already compressed files. If (File.GetAttributes(fi.FullName) And FileAttributes.Hidden) _ <> FileAttributes.Hidden And fi.Extension <> ".gz" Then ' Create the compressed file. Using outFile As FileStream = File.Create(fi.FullName + ".gz") Using Compress As GZipStream = New GZipStream(outFile, CompressionMode.Compress) ' Copy the source file into the compression stream. Dim buffer As Byte() = New Byte(4096) {} Dim numRead As Integer numRead = inFile.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length) Do While numRead <> 0 Compress.Write(buffer, 0, numRead) numRead = inFile.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length) Loop Console.WriteLine("Compressed {0} from {1} to {2} bytes.", _ fi.Name, fi.Length.ToString(), outFile.Length.ToString()) End Using End Using End If End Using End Sub ' Method to decompress. Private Sub Decompress(ByVal fi As FileInfo) ' Get the stream of the source file. Using inFile As FileStream = fi.OpenRead() ' Get orignial file extension, for example "doc" from report.doc.gz. Dim curFile As String = fi.FullName Dim origName = curFile.Remove(curFile.Length - fi.Extension.Length) ' Create the decompressed file. Using outFile As FileStream = File.Create(origName) Using Decompress As GZipStream = New GZipStream(inFile, CompressionMode.Decompress) ' Copy the compressed file into the decompression stream. Dim buffer As Byte() = New Byte(4096) {} Dim numRead As Integer numRead = Decompress.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length) Do While numRead <> 0 outFile.Write(buffer, 0, numRead) numRead = Decompress.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length) Loop Console.WriteLine("Decompressed: {0}", fi.Name) End Using End Using End Using End SubEnd Module
Inheritance Hierarchy
System.Object
System.MarshalByRefObject
System.IO.Stream
System.IO.Compression.GZipStream
Thread Safety
Any public static (Shared in Visual Basic) members of this type are thread safe. Any instance members are not guaranteed to be thread safe.
Platforms
Windows 7, Windows Vista, Windows XP SP2, Windows XP Media Center Edition, Windows XP Professional x64 Edition, Windows XP Starter Edition, Windows Server 2008 R2, Windows Server 2008, Windows Server 2003, Windows Server 2000 SP4, Windows Millennium Edition, Windows 98, Windows CE, Windows Mobile for Smartphone, Windows Mobile for Pocket PC, Xbox 360, Zune
The .NET Framework and .NET Compact Framework do not support all versions of every platform. For a list of the supported versions, see .NET Framework System Requirements.
Version Information
.NET Framework
Supported in: 3.5, 3.0, 2.0
.NET Compact Framework
Supported in: 3.5
XNA Framework
Supported in: 3.0
See Also
Reference
GZipStream Members
System.IO.Compression Namespace
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