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Access JavaScript variables on PostBack using ASP.NET Code
In this article, we will see how to pass javascript values on postback and then access these values in your server side code. This article will primarily showcase two techniques of doing so. One using Hidden variables and the other using the __doPostBack() javascript method.
Using Hidden Variables – This method is pretty straightforward. All you have to do is declare a hidden field (inpHide) in your web page and then set the value of the hidden field in your JavaScript function as shown below.
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head runat="server">
<title>Pass Javascript Variables to Server</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
function SetHiddenVariable()
{
var jsVar = "dotnetcurry.com";
// Set the value of the hidden variable to
// the value of the javascript variable
var hiddenControl = '<%= inpHide.ClientID %>';
document.getElementById(hiddenControl).value=jsVar ;
}
</script>
</head>
<body onload="SetHiddenVariable()">
<form id="form1" runat="server">
<div>
<input id="inpHide" type="hidden" runat="server" />
<asp:TextBox ID="txtJSValue" runat="server"></asp:TextBox>
<asp:Button ID="btnJSValue" Text="Click to retreive Javascript Variable" runat="server" onclick="btnJSValue_Click"/>
</div>
</form>
</body>
</html>
Then access the value of this field in the code behind on a Button click as shown below:
C#
protected void btnJSValue_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
txtJSValue.Text = inpHide.Value;
}
VB.NET
Protected Sub btnJSValue_Click(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As EventArgs)
txtJSValue.Text = inpHide.Value
End Sub
Note: Observe that the <body> tag has an onload attribute using which the javascript function is being called.
<body onload="SetHiddenVariable()">
Using __doPostBack() – All but two ASP.NET web controls (Button & ImageButton) use the __doPostBack javascript function to cause a postback. Are you interested in knowing how the __doPostBack function looks like? Here’s a small test you can try. Just create a sample page and drop a textbox server control with AutoPostBack = true. Run the page and observe the source code.
<div>
<input type="hidden" name="__EVENTTARGET" id="__EVENTTARGET" value="" />
<input type="hidden" name="__EVENTARGUMENT" id="__EVENTARGUMENT" value="" />
<input type="hidden" name="__LASTFOCUS" id="__LASTFOCUS" value="" />
<input type="hidden" name="__VIEWSTATE" id="__VIEWSTATE" value="/wEPDwUJMjgzMDgzOTgzZGSkxIAX/
qPBYbY7JLBDh+UeGWrOCg==" />
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
//<![CDATA[
var theForm = document.forms['form1'];
if (!theForm) {
theForm = document.form1;
}
function __doPostBack(eventTarget, eventArgument) {
if (!theForm.onsubmit || (theForm.onsubmit() != false)) {
theForm.__EVENTTARGET.value = eventTarget;
theForm.__EVENTARGUMENT.value = eventArgument;
theForm.submit();
}
}
//]]>
</script>
If you observe in the code above, ASP.NET automatically adds two hidden fields (“__EVENTTARGET” and “__EVENTARGUMENT”) and a client-side script method (“__doPostBack”) to the page. The EVENTTARGET is the ID of the control that caused the postback and the EVENTARGUMENT contains any arguments passed that can be accessed on the server. The __doPostBack method sets the values of the hidden fields and causes the form to be submitted to the server.
I hope this gives you a clear idea of how we can use the __doPostBack function to submit the value of a JavaScript variable to the server. All we have to do is call this JavaScript method explicitly and pass in the JavaScript variable value using the EVENTARGUMENT. Here’s an example:
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head runat="server">
<title>Pass Javascript Variables to Server</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
function SetHiddenVariable()
{
var jsVar = "dotnetcurry.com";
__doPostBack('callPostBack', jsVar);
}
</script>
</head>
<body>